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Figure II Stages of Deterioration © Dr. Barry Reisberg |
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Stage I. Forgetfulness Stage: Only apparent to client or possibly family Financial matters once handled well, no longer Covers up Denial Changes in social behavior Stage II. Confusional Stage Definite impairment Severe Forgetfulness Orientation impaired Concentration impaired Rambling speech Past memories fairly intact Moodiness Less awareness More problems with learning new material Flattening of affect Takes less part in activities Activity level will do nothing to defend against the deterioration. Stage III. Demential Stage Severely disoriented Severely confused Hallucinations Paranoid ideation Agitation Wandering needs total supervision Judgment is severely impaired Incontinence Swallowing difficulties Motor problems Visual spatial problems severe in nature Infectious diseases. |
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Reisberg, B., Ferris, S. H., deLeon, M. J., & Crook, T. The Global Deterioration Scale for Assessment of Primary Degenerative Dementia. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1982; 139: 1136-1139 |